classical antiquity

antiquity;

[ Danmarks oldtid] prehistoric Denmark;

[ den grå oldtid] hoary antiquity;

[ fra den grå oldtid] very ancient,

F hoary;

[ oldtidens historie] ancient history;

[ den klassiske oldtid] classical antiquity;

[ en af oldtidens store forfattere] one of the great writers of antiquity.

f; -, -n

1. HIST. nur Sg. (classical) antiquity; the Classical ( oder Ancient) World; das Griechenland der Antike Ancient Greece; die Welt der Antike the Ancient World

2. (Kunstwerk) antiquity, antique ( oder ancient) work of art

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antiquity

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f -, -n

1) no pl antiquity

2) (= Kunstwerk) antiquity

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f kein pl antiquity

der Mensch/die Kunst der \Antike man/the art of the ancient world

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1) classical antiquity no art.

2) ([Kunst]gegenstand) classical work of art

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Antike f; -, -n

1. HIST nur sg (classical) antiquity; the Classical ( oder Ancient) World;

das Griechenland der Antike Ancient Greece;

die Welt der Antike the Ancient World

2. (Kunstwerk) antiquity, antique ( oder ancient) work of art

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1) classical antiquity no art.

2) ([Kunst]gegenstand) classical work of art

f; -, kein Pl.

1. classical period ( oder age); die antike Klassik classical antiquity; die deutsche Klassik the classical period of German literature; MUS. die Wiener Klassik the Viennese classical period (in music)

2. (Musik) classical music

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f -, no pl

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1. (kulturelle Epoche) classical age [or period

2. (die antike Klassik) Classical Antiquity

3. (fam: klassische Musik) classical music

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1) (Antike) classical antiquity no art.

2) (Zeit kultureller Höchstleistung) classical period or age

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Klassik f; -, kein pl

1. classical period ( oder age);

die antike Klassik classical antiquity;

die deutsche Klassik the classical period of German literature;

MUS

die Wiener Klassik the Viennese classical period (in music)

2. (Musik) classical music

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1) (Antike) classical antiquity no art.

2) (Zeit kultureller Höchstleistung) classical period or age

1 antique, antique object, curio, relic.

2 seniority, standing.

3 antiquity, ancient history, ancient times, days of yore.

4 length of service, duration of service.

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► nombre femenino

1 (período) antiquity

■ este jarrón tiene 200 años de antigüedad this vase is 200 years old

2 (en empleo) seniority

3 (objeto) antique

\

en la antigüedad in olden days, in former times

tienda de antigüedades antique shop

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1) (=época) antiquity

2) (=edad) antiquity, age; [en empleo] seniority

3) (=objeto) antique

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a) (de monumento, objeto) age

b) ( en el trabajo) seniority

c) la Antigüedad (Hist) antiquity

d) antigüedades femenino plural antiques (pl)

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= antiquity, seniority, ancient times, oldness, age.

Ex. The line of command concept also had its origins in the armies of antiquity and medieval ages.

Ex. Promotions are arrived at by seniority, written examinations, and oral interviews.

Ex. Thus, libraries of ancient times stored clay tablets, papyrus rolls, parchment scrolls and so on.

Ex. Subsequent lessons identify changing demographic and social characteristics of older people in the United States and determine criteria for judging ' oldness'.

Ex. The needs of readers housebound by physical disability, or made immobile by increasing age, are met by a supply of reading material from a van delivery service.

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* antigüedades = antiques.

* Antigüedad, la = Ancient World, the.

* años de antigüedad = length of service.

* clasificación por antigüedad = seniority ranking.

* con más antigüedad = longest-serving.

* desde la antigüedad = since ancient times.

* en la antigüedad = in antiquity.

* * *

a) (de monumento, objeto) age

b) ( en el trabajo) seniority

c) la Antigüedad (Hist) antiquity

d) antigüedades femenino plural antiques (pl)

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la Antigüedad

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1 (de un monumento, un objeto) age

esas ruinas tienen varios siglos de antigüedad those ruins are several centuries old

2 (en el trabajo) seniority

por orden de antigüedad according to seniority o length of service

la Antigüedad ( Hist) antiquity

la Antigüedad Clásica Classical times

4 antigüedades fpl antiques (pl)

tienda de antigüedades antique shop

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a) (de monumento, objeto) age;

◊ esas ruinas tienen varios siglos de antigüedad those ruins are several centuries old

b) ( en el trabajo) seniority

c) ( objeto) antique;

◊ tienda de antigüedades antique shop

d) ( época):

◊ en la antigüedad in ancient times

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antigüedad nf

1. [edad] antiquity

2. [veteranía] seniority;

un plus de antigüedad a seniority bonus;

un trabajador de veinte años de antigüedad a worker who has been with the company for twenty years

3. Hist

4. [objeto antiguo] antique;

antigüedades [tienda] antique shop

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1 age

2 en el trabajo length of service, seniority

antigüedades pl antiques

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antigüedad nf

1) : antiquity

2) : seniority

3) : age

con siglos de antigüedad: centuries-old

4) antigüedades nfpl

: antiques

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antigüedad n

2. (época) ancient times

3. (objeto) antique

χράομαι (χρή) mid. dep. pres. 2 sg. χρᾶσαι (B-D-F §87), ind. and subj. 3 sg. χρῆται IRo 9:1; 1 Ti 1:8 (B-D-F §88); impf. ἐχρώμην; fut. χρήσομαι LXX; 1 aor. ἐχρησάμην; pf. κέχρημαι (Mlt-H. 200) (Hom.+) ‘use’, a common multivalent term.

① make use of, employ

ⓐ w. dat. τινί someth. (Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 102 §427f θαλάσσῃ; Wsd 2:6; 13:18; 4 Macc 9:2; GrBar 6:12; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 5 Jac.; Philo, Aet. M. 70; 71; Jos., Bell. 3, 341; Just., A I, 14, 2, D. 57, 2; Tat. 12, 5.—B-D-F §193, 5; Rob. 532f) βοηθείαις ἐχρῶντο Ac 27:17 (s. βοήθεια 2).—1 Cor 7:31 v.l.; 9:12, 15; 1 Ti 5:23 (οἶνος 1); 2 Cl 6:5; Dg 6:5; 12:3 (ᾗ μὴ καθαρῶς χρησάμενοι not using it in purity); ITr 6:1; IPhld 4; Hs 9, 16, 4 (of the use of a seal as PHib 72, 16 [III B.C.]). διαλέκτῳ use a language Dg 5:2. Of law (Trag., Hdt. et al.; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 125) τοῖς νόμοις live in accordance with the laws (Jos., Ant. 16, 27; Ath. 1, 1) Hs 1:3f; cp. 6. ἐάν τις αὐτῷ (=τῷ νόμῳ) νομίμως χρῆται 1 Ti 1:8. προφήταις χρῆσθαι appeal to the prophets AcPlCor 1:10. A dat. is to be supplied w. μᾶλλον χρῆσαι make the most of, take advantage of 1 Cor 7:21, either τῇ δουλείᾳ (so the Peshitta, Chrysostom, Theodoret, and many modern interpreters and translators, among the latter, 20th Century, Goodsp., NRSV; s. also HBellen, Ac 6, ’63, 177–80) or τῇ ἐλευθερίᾳ (so Erasmus, Luther, Calvin, FGodet, Lghtf., Zahn, Moffatt, RSV, NRSV mg., REB); s. μᾶλλον 2a.—If μ. χ. is construed without an implied dat., the phrase can be understood in the sense be all the more useful, work all the harder (cp. Vi. Aesopi G 17 P. on the theme of dedication to a task) i.e. as a freedperson be as industrious as a slave. (On this subj.: TZahn, Sklaverei u. Christentum in d. alten Welt [1879]: Skizzen aus dem Leben d. alten Kirche² 1898, 116–59; EvDobschütz, Sklaverei u. Christent.: RE³ XVIII 423–33; XXIV 521; JvWalter, Die Sklaverei im NT 1914; FKiefl, Die Theorien des modernen Sozialismus über den Ursprung d. Christentums, Zugleich ein Komm. zu 1 Cor 7:21, 1915, esp. p. 56–109; JWeiss, Das Urchristentum 1917, 456–60; ASteinmann, Zur Geschichte der Auslegung v. 1 Cor 7:21: ThRev 16, 1918, 341–48; AJuncker, D. Ethik des Ap. Pls II 1919, 175–81; JKoopmans, De Servitute Antiqua et Rel. Christ., diss. Amsterdam 1920, 119ff; ELohmeyer, Soz. Fragen im Urchrist. 1921; FGrosheide, Exegetica [1 Cor 7:21]: GereformTT 24, 1924, 298–302; HGreeven [s.v. πλοῦτος 1]; MEnslin, The Ethics of Paul 1930, 205–10; WWestermann, Enslaved Persons Who Are Free, AJP 59, ’38, 1–30; HGülzow, Christent. u. Sklaverei [to 300 A.D.], ’69, 177–81; SBartchy, MALLON CHRESAI, ’73=SBLDS 11, ’85; TWiedmann, Greek and Roman Slavery ’81; COsiek, Slavery in the Second Testament World: BTB 22, ’92, 174–79 [lit.]; JHarril, The Manumission of Slaves in Early Christianity ’95, esp. 68–128. On slavery in antiquity gener.: WWestermann, Pauly-W. Suppl. VI ’35, 894–1068, The Slave Systems of Gk. and Rom. Antiquity, ’55; WKristensen, De antieke opvatting van dienstbaarheid ’34; MPohlenz, D. hellen. Mensch ’47, 387–96; Kl. Pauly V 230–34; BHHW III 1814f; MFinley, Slavery in Classical Antiquity ’60; KBradley, The Problem of Slavery in Classical Culture: ClPh 92, ’97, 273–82 [lit.]; PGarnsey, Ideas of Slavery from Aristotle to Augustine ’96.) τινὶ εἴς τι use someth. for someth. (Oenomaus in Eus., PE 5, 33, 14; Simplicius In Epict. p. 27, 52 Düb.; cp. Tat. 17, 4 πρὸς τὸ κακοποιεῖν) Hv 3, 2, 8. σὺ αὐτὸς χρᾶσαι ἐκ τῶν αὐτῶν λίθων you yourself function as one from these same stones 3, 6, 7 (s. app. in Whittaker and Joly; for lit. s. Leutzsch, Hermas 418 n. 355).—W. a double dat. (Trag. et al.) σχοινίῳ χρώμενοι τῷ πνεύματι using as a rope the Holy Spirit IEph 9:1. W. double dat. of pers. (Jos., C. Ap. 1, 227; Just., D. 7, 1; Tat. 36, 1; Ath. 32, 1) of the Syrian ἐκκλησία, which ποιμένι τῷ θεῷ χρῆται resorts to God as shepherd IRo 9:1.

ⓑ w. acc. (X., Ages. 11, 11; Ps.-Aristot., Oecon. 2, 22, 1350a, 7 χρ. τὰ τέλη εἰς διοίκησιν τῆς πόλεως; Ael. Aristid. 13 p. 162 D.; SIG 1170, 27 ἄνηθον μετʼ ἐλαίου χρ.; PTebt 273, 28 ὕδωρ χρ.; Wsd 7:14 v.l.; 2 Macc 4:19.—B-D-F §152, 4; Rob. 476) τὸν κόσμον 1 Cor 7:31 (cp. Simplicius In Epict. p. 29, 30 Düb. τὸ τοῖς μὴ ἐφʼ ἡμῖν ὡς ἐφʼ ἡμῖν οὖσι κεχρῆσθαι=to use that which is not in our power as if it were in our power; s. also MDibelius, Urchristentum u. Kultur 1928).

② act, proceed (Hdt. et al.; POxy 474, 38 et al.) w. dat. of characteristic shown (Aelian, VH 2, 15; Jos., Ant. 10, 25; Just., D. 79, 2; Tat. 40, 1; Mel., HE 4, 26, 13) τῇ ἐλαφρίᾳ 2 Cor 1:17. πολλῇ παρρησίᾳ 3:12. ὑποταγῇ 1 Cl 37:5.—W. adv. (PMagd 6, 12 [III B.C.] et al.) ἀποτόμως 2 Cor 13:10.

③ treat a person in a certain way, w. dat. of pers. and an adv. (X., Mem. 1, 2, 48 φίλοις καλῶς χρ.; OGI 51, 8 [III B.C.] τοῖς τεχνίταις φιλανθρώπως χρῆται; PPetr III, 115, 8 [III B.C.] πικρῶς σοι ἐχρήσατο; POxy 745, 6; Esth 2:9; TestJob 20:3 ὡς ἐβούλετο; Jos., Ant. 2, 315, C. Ap. 1, 153 φιλανθρώπως; Just., A I, 27, 1 αἰσχρῶς) φιλανθρώπως ὁ Ἱούλιος τῷ Παύλῳ χρησάμενος; cp. Hs 5, 2, 10.—DELG s.v. χράομαι p. 1274. M-M. EDNT.

1 [het oud-zijn] antiquity

2 [het verre verleden] antiquity ⇒ ancient times

3 [voorwerp] 〈 voornamelijk meervoud〉 antiquity

♦voorbeelden:

2   de klassieke Oudheid • classical antiquity

     uit de oudheid • (from) ancient (times)

     de Oudheid • antiquity, ancient times

3   een verzameling van oudheden • a collection of antiquities

f, Altertumskunde f; nur Sg.

1. arch(a)eology

2. study of classical antiquity

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archaeology

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Altertumsforschung f, Altertumskunde f; nur sg

1. arch(a)eology

2. study of classical antiquity

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classical antiquity

————————

classical antiquity

I 〈 bijvoeglijk naamwoord〉

1 [met betrekking tot de Griekse/Romeinse Oudheid] classical

2 [voorbeeldig in zijn soort] classic

♦voorbeelden:

1   de klassieke letteren • classical literature; classics 〈 studie〉

     de klassieke Oudheid • classical antiquity

2   een klassiek voorbeeld • a classic example

     die film/dat boek is nu klassiek • that film/book has become a classic

II 〈 bijvoeglijk naamwoord, bijwoord〉

1 [(als) van vroeger] classic(al) ⇒ traditional

♦voorbeelden:

1   een klassiek begin • a standard opener 〈 toespraak, gesprek, voorstelling〉

     klassieke meubelen • period furniture

     klassieke muziek • classical music

     een probleem klassiek oplossen • solve a problem in a traditional way

Klas·sik <-> [ʼklasɪk] f

1) ( kulturelle Epoche) classical age [or period];

2) (die antike \Klassik) Classical Antiquity

3) (fam: klassische Musik) classical music

1) (di opera artistica, letteraria) classical nature

2) (mondo greco, latino) classical antiquity

classicità s.f.

1 ( carattere classico) classicism

2 (estens.) ( armonia) (classical) harmony, balance, proportion

3 ( età classica) classical antiquity.

1) (di opera artistica, letteraria) classical nature

2) (mondo greco, latino) classical antiquity

οἶνος, ου, ὁ (Hom.+)

① a beverage made from fermented juice of the grape, wine; the word for ‘must’, or unfermented grape juice, is τρύξ (Anacr. et al.; pap); lit. J 2:3, 9f (on abundance of wine in the anticipated future s. Jo 2:19, 24; Am 8:13–15; En 10:19. HWindisch, Die joh. Weinregel: ZNW 14, 1913, 248–57. Further material on the marriage at Cana Hdb.³ ’33, exc. after 2:12. S. also HNoetzel, Christus u. Dionysos ’60); 4:46. οἶνος (v.l. ὄξο) μετὰ χολῆς μεμιγμένος wine mixed with gall Mt 27:34 (s. χολή 1). ὄξος καὶ οἶν. μεμιγμένα ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό vinegar and wine mixed together Hm 10, 3, 3. ἐσμυρνισμένος οἶν. wine mixed with myrrh Mk 15:23. W. ἔλαιον D 13:6; used medicinally (Theophr., HP 9, 12; Diosc., Mat. Med. 5, 9) Lk 10:34; stored in a cellar Hm 11:15. W. other natural products Rv 18:13. John the Baptist abstains fr. wine and other alcoholic drink (cp. Num 6:3; Judg 13:14; 1 Km 1:11) Lk 1:15; to denote the extraordinary degree of his abstinence it is said of him μὴ ἐσθίων ἄρτον μήτε πίνων οἶνον 7:33 (Diod S 1, 72, 2 the Egyptians in mourning for their kings abstain from wheat bread [πυρός] and from wine). Abstinence fr. wine and meat for the sake of ‘weak’ Christians Ro 14:21 (Ltzm., Hdb. exc. before Ro 14. Lit. on ἀσθενής 2c and λάχανον). ἡ ἡδονὴ τοῦ οἴνου the flavor of the wine Hm 12, 5, 3. οἶν. νέος new wine (s. νέος 1a) Mt 9:17 (WNagel, VigChr 14, ’60, 1–8: [GTh]); Mk 2:22; Lk 5:37f.—μεθύσκεσθαι οἴνῳ get drunk with wine Eph 5:18 (on bad effects of wine on the mind as viewed by early Gk. poets, s. SDarcusSullivan, L’AntCl 65, ’96, 31–51, esp. 47–49). οἶνος πολύς (Ps.-Anacharsis, Ep. 3 p. 103 H.): οἴνῳ πολλῷ προσέχειν be addicted to much wine 1 Ti 3:8. οἴνῳ πολλῷ δεδουλωμένη enslaved to drink Tit 2:3 (cp. the stereotyped ‘anus’ in Lat. lit. VRosivach, Classical World 88, ’94, 113f). οἴνῳ ὀλίγῳ χρῆσθαι take a little wine 1 Ti 5:23 (perh. w. implication of contrast to a ὑδροπότης: s. ὑδροποτέω; the moderate use of wine is recommended fr. the time of Theognis [509f]; Plut., Mor. 353b of οἶνος: χρῶνται μέν, ὀλίγῳ δέ; Ps.-Plut., Hom. 206; Crates, Ep. 10).—KKircher, D. sakrale Bed. des Weines im Altertum 1910; VZapletal, D. Wein in d. Bibel 1920; JDöller, Der Wein in Bibel u. Talmud: Biblica 4, 1923, 143–67, 267–99; JBoehmer, D. NT u. d. Alkohol: Studierstube 22, 1926, 322–64; EZurhellen-Pfleiderer, D. Alkoholfrage im NT 1927; IRaymond, The Teaching of the Early Church on the Use of Wine, etc. 1927. S. also ἄμπελος a and ἄρτος 1c.

② punishments that God inflicts on the wicked, wine fig. ext. of 1, in apocalyptic symbolism, to ‘drink’ as wine: ὁ οἶνος τοῦ θυμοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ the wine of God’s wrath Rv 14:10. Also ὁ οἶν. τοῦ θυμοῦ τῆς ὀργῆς τοῦ θεοῦ 19:15; cp. 16:19. Of Babylon the prostitute ὁ οἶνος τοῦ θυμοῦ τῆς πορνείας αὐτῆς 14:8; 18:3. Cp. θυμός on all these passages. οἶν. τῆς πορνείας 17:2.

③ the plant that makes the production of wine possible, vine or vineyard, eventually the product wine, effect for cause: Rv 6:6; s. ἔλαιον 2. The preservation of olive orchards and vineyards is a striking exhibition of divine mercy, given the social context in which consumption of wine and olives and use of olive oil played a significant role.—RHalberstsma, Wine in Classical Antiquity: Minerva 7/1 Jan/Feb ’96, 14–18; NPurcell, Wine and Wealth in Ancient Italy: JRS 75, ’85, 1–19.—B. 390. DELG. M-M. TW.

1) History: Classical Antiquity

2) Architecture: the ancient world

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f archaeology BRIT, archeology AM

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Altertumsforschung f, Altertumskunde f; nur sg

1. arch(a)eology

2. study of classical antiquity